Choose the pork cut according to the result you want
Pork leg gives the adobo firmer, meatier pieces with less rendered fat. Pork belly becomes softer and gives the sauce more richness.
Pork leg may need a little more attention during simmering so it becomes tender without drying out. Pork belly may release enough fat that some can be removed before the sauce is reduced.
Three treatments of garlic
The minced garlic sautéed with the onion and ginger creates the flavor base. The lightly crushed skin-on cloves simmer more gently and contribute a deeper aroma.
The reserved minced garlic is fried separately until crisp. Keeping it out of the sauce allows it to remain a distinct topping rather than becoming soft.
Extract the annatto directly in the pot
Place the annatto seeds inside a metal fine mesh sieve, then set the sieve directly in the pot so the seeds come into contact with the hot cooking liquid.
There is no need to soak the seeds separately for this method. Allow the liquid to flow through the sieve until the sauce develops the reddish color you want, then carefully lift the sieve out of the pot.
Give the pork room to brown
Browning works best when the pieces have contact with the bottom of the pot. If the pork is packed too tightly, the moisture it releases can cause it to steam.
Brown in batches when necessary. This is especially useful when using leaner pork leg, which releases less fat than pork belly.
Let the vinegar settle before stirring
Freshly added vinegar has a sharper aroma and flavor. Allow it to return to a steady simmer for a few minutes before stirring it through the sauce.
Make the final adjustment only after the vinegar has mellowed and the sauce has reduced. Tasting too early can lead to unnecessary sugar or soy sauce being added.
Reduce before making the final adjustment
Soy sauce, oyster sauce, the optional pork cube, and the pork juices all become more concentrated as the liquid reduces.
Wait until the sauce is close to your preferred consistency before deciding whether it needs more saltiness, sweetness, acidity, or water.
Keep the crispy garlic crisp
Start the garlic in cool oil and raise the heat gradually. Strain it as soon as it becomes lightly golden because residual heat will continue darkening it.
Allow the fried garlic to drain and cool separately. Add it only after transferring the adobo to its serving dish.